Preventing Fractures in the Elderly: A Quick Guide

As we grow older, our bones naturally become more fragile and that means even a small trip or stumble can lead to a serious fracture. For older adults, a broken hip or wrist isn’t just painful. It can affect confidence, limit independence and take a long time to recover from.

The good news is that many fractures can be prevented. By making a few simple changes around the home, supporting mobility and looking after bone health, it’s possible to reduce the risk and help your loved one feel safer day to day.

In this guide, we share practical, straightforward tips to help prevent fractures in older adults and explain how the right care can make all the difference.

Why older adults are more at risk of fractures

As we age, the risk of fractures increases and often it’s due to a combination of physical changes and everyday hazards. Understanding these risk factors is the first step in preventing serious injuries.

Here are some of the most common reasons why older adults are more vulnerable to fractures:

• Weaker bones – Conditions like osteoporosis cause bones to lose strength and density, making them more likely to break, even from a minor fall.
• Reduced balance and mobility – Muscle weakness, slower reflexes and stiffness can make it harder to stay steady, increasing the risk of falls.
• Medication side effects – Some medications cause drowsiness, dizziness or drops in blood pressure — all of which can affect balance.
• Poor vision – Difficulty seeing steps, uneven surfaces or clutter increases the chance of tripping or misjudging distances.
• Hazards in the home – Loose rugs, trailing wires, poor lighting and cluttered walkways are common causes of avoidable falls.

Simple ways to reduce fracture risk at home

Making small changes around the house can significantly reduce the risk of falls and fractures. These practical steps help create a safer, more comfortable space for your loved one.

Remove trip hazards to create safe, clutter-free walkways

Clear floors, hallways and stairs of anything that could be tripped over such as wires, loose rugs, shoes or low furniture. Rearranging the space to allow easy movement between rooms can make a big difference in reducing the chance of a fall.

Improve lighting throughout the home to increase visibility

Ensure that all rooms and hallways are well-lit, especially staircases and entrances. Use night lights in bedrooms, bathrooms and corridors to help prevent accidents when moving around in low light, especially during the night.

Install handrails and grab bars where extra support is needed

Increasing mobility in the elderly can in turn boost their independence. Handrails on both sides of staircases and grab rails in bathrooms provide crucial support when standing, sitting or moving. These fixtures can help your loved one stay steady and reduce the risk of slipping or losing balance.

Use non-slip mats and flooring in high-risk areas

Bathrooms and kitchens are common areas for slips. Use non-slip mats in the shower, bath and by sinks. Make sure flooring is secure and avoid surfaces that become slippery when wet.

Encourage the use of well-fitting, non-slip footwear indoors and out

Supportive shoes with good grip help maintain balance and stability. Avoid slippers without backs, loose sandals or walking barefoot, which all increase the risk of slipping or tripping.

Keep everyday essentials within easy reach to avoid stretching or climbing

Store frequently used items like toiletries, kitchenware and clothing at waist height to prevent overreaching or standing on stools. A well-organised home reduces the need for risky movements.

Use mobility aids and assistive equipment to support daily movement

Walking sticks, frames, and other mobility aids can offer added confidence and stability when moving around. In the bathroom, equipment like a shower chair, raised toilet seat or bath lift can make daily tasks safer and less tiring.

Be aware of pets, loose objects and other unexpected obstacles

While pets bring joy, they can also pose a tripping risk if they move suddenly or sleep in walkways. Encourage your loved one to move steadily and stay aware of their surroundings. Keep walkways clear and minimise floor level clutter.

Looking after bone health to prevent fractures

Keeping bones strong is an important part of preventing fractures in later life. While falls may not always be avoidable, healthy bones are more resilient and less likely to break.

Here are a few simple ways to support better bone health:

Eat a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D

Calcium is essential for strong bones, and vitamin D helps your body absorb it. Include calcium-rich foods like dairy products, leafy greens, sardines and fortified cereals. Vitamin D can be found in eggs, oily fish and sunlight, though some people may need a supplement, especially during the winter months.

Stay active with gentle, weight-bearing exercise

Activities like walking, gardening, dancing or light resistance exercises help maintain bone strength and support muscle balance. Even short, regular movements can improve coordination and reduce the chance of falling.

Limit smoking and alcohol

Smoking weakens bones over time, and excessive alcohol can affect balance and bone health. Cutting down or stopping altogether can reduce the risk of fractures and support overall well-being.

Ask about bone health checks

Your GP may recommend a bone density scan (DEXA scan), especially if there is a history of osteoporosis or previous fractures. They can also advise on supplements or medications to help maintain bone strength if needed.

When to consider professional support at home

If you’re starting to feel concerned about a loved one’s risk of falling or have noticed changes in their mobility, it may be time to explore additional support. You don’t have to wait for a crisis. Getting support early can help prevent injuries and make life more comfortable for you and your loved one.

Here are some signs that extra support might be helpful:

1.     After a recent fall or near-miss

Even if there was no injury, a fall can knock confidence. A carer can provide gentle supervision, help with mobility and encourage safe movement while confidence is rebuilt.

2.     If mobility is becoming more difficult

Struggling to get up from a chair, move between rooms or manage stairs may signal the need for extra help. A carer can assist with these tasks, reducing strain and the risk of falls.

3.     When someone lives alone

If your loved one is alone for long stretches, having a carer check in even once a day can offer vital peace of mind. They can spot hazards, help with daily tasks and make sure everything is as it should be.

4.     When daily routines are being affected

If things like personal care, cooking or taking medication are becoming more difficult, it can increase the risk of accidents. Carers can help gently with these tasks while supporting independence.

Worried about falls at home? We’re here to help

At Trinity Homecare, our experienced carers provide one-to-one support that helps prevent falls and protects your loved one’s independence. From mobility support and safer routines to companionship and reassurance, we tailor every visit to meet individual needs.

With our fully managed CQC-rated ‘Outstanding’ care, you can rest assured that safety, dignity and wellbeing are always our priority.

Call us today on 0207 183 4884 for a free, no obligation chat. Or fill in our quick online form and we’ll be in touch to see how we can help.